Elizabeth A. Volpe

  Part I: UDL Article Summary Rao's article "Inclusive Instructional Design: Applying UDL to Online Learning" examines the role of the teacher in lesson planning to create design decisions that include all learners. The article suggest that teachers consider learner variability from the onset to reduce barriers and support student learning of goals. Using the UDL framework in the instructional design process can integrate inclusive strategies for all learners. "Technology-based learning environments and digital tools provide powerful means to put UDL principles into action" (Meyer & Rose, 2005; Ok & Rao, 2019). These digital tools can include hardware, software, and digital learning environments. Many of these tools align with the UDL principles of 1. representation, 2. Action and expression, and 3. engagement. The article provides an overview of the UDL framework and then addresses learner variability in which there is no "typical" learner. Ra